Biography of Albert Einstein |
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1879 | Albert Einstein, first child of Hermann and Pauline Einstein, is born in Ulm on March 14th. |
1880 | After moving to Munich, Hermann and his brother Jacob establish an electrical engineering company. |
1881 | On November 10th, Albert's sister Maria (called Maja) is born. |
1889 | Albert Einstein is enrolled in the "Luitpold-Gymnasium" in Munich. |
1894 | The Einstein company is closed down and Albert's parents move to Milan. Albert leaves school before his final exams to join his parents. |
1895 | Albert finishes school in the canton of Aarau and gives up his German citizenship and is stateless. |
1896—1900 | Einstein studies at the Swiss "Polytechnikum" in Zurich, which later becomes the "Technical University" (ETH). |
1900 | Einstein finishes his degree as a teacher for mathematics and physics. |
1901 | Einstein obtains Swiss citizenship. |
1902 | Birth of Einstein's daughter Lieserl with his partner Mileva Maric in Novi Sad. Einstein works at the "Eidgenössisches Amt für geistiges Eigentum Bern" (Patent Office). In the same year, his father Hermann dies in Milan. |
1903 | Albert Einstein marries Mileva Maric in Bern. |
1904 | Mileva gives birth to his first son, Hans Albert. |
1905 | "Annus mirabilis": Einstein publishes his work on Brownian motion, the photoelectric effect and the electrodynamics of bodies in motion (special relativity theory) containing in revision the famous formula E = mc2. Einstein becomes one of the most famous physicists in the world. |
1906 | Doctorate degree at the University of Zurich. |
1908 | Professorial dissertation (Habilitation) and university lectureship in physics in Bern. |
1909 | Einstein is appointed associate professor for theoretical physics at the University of Zurich. He receives an honorary doctorate at the University of Geneva. |
1910 | His son Eduard is born. |
1911 |
As a full professor at the German University of Prague, he takes part in the first Solvay-Congress in Brussels. |
1912 | Professor of theoretical physics at ETH Zurich. |
1913 | Invitation to membership in the "Preußische Akademie der Wissenschaften" (Prussian Academy of Science) in Berlin. |
1914 | The Einstein family moves to Berlin, Mileva and Albert separate and Mileva returns to Zurich with both sons. With the start of World War I, Einstein becomes engaged in political and pacifist activities. |
1915 | His work on gravitation leads to the general theory of relativity. |
1916 | Einstein becomes president of the "Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft" (German Physics Society) and executive board member of the "Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt Berlin". |
1917 | Albert moves into his cousin Elsa's apartment in Berlin-Schöneberg, Haberlandstraße 5. |
1919 | Divorce from Mileva and second marriage with Elsa. An expedition to the solar eclipse carried out by the Royal Society of London gives proof to Einstein's theory of gravitation. |
1920 | Einstein's mother Pauline dies after a serious illness. |
1921 | First journey to the USA, collecting donations for the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. |
1922 | Nobel Prize for his work on theoretical physics, especially for the discovery of the photoelectrical effect. |
1923 | Albert Einstein visits the site of the future Hebrew University (established 1918) |
1924 | Completion of the "Einstein-Turm" (Einstein-tower) in Potsdam. |
1925 | Journey to South America, discovery of the Bose-Einstein condensate. |
1928 | Einstein suffers a serious heart disease; Helene Dukas is employed as his secretary. |
1929 | Completion of the summer house in Caputh; awarded the Max Planck Medal by the German Physical Society. |
1930 | Speech on conscientious objection at the "Ritz-Carlton" Hotel in New York. |
1932 | Departure on a tour as guest lecturer to the USA in December. |
1933 | After the Nazis come to power, returning to Germany is impossible. Einstein moves with his wife Elsa, stepdaughter Margot and secretary Helene Dukas to Princeton with an appointment at the Institute for Advanced Study. Einstein leaves the Prussian Academy of Science and renounces his German citizenship. Seizure of his legal estate in Germany. |
1935 | Einstein purchases a house in Mercer Street in Princeton, which he occupies until his death. Publication of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox of quantum mechanics ("Can Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Be Considered Complete?"). |
1936 | Elsa Einstein dies in Princeton. |
1939 | Einstein sends a letter to President Roosevelt about the possible construction of an atomic bomb by Germany. |
1940 | Einstein becomes an American citizen. |
1944 | At an auction, a handwritten copy of Einstein's work on electrodynamics is sold for 6 million dollars to finance war bonds. |
1946 | President of the committee for the prevention of a nuclear war, commitment towards a world government. |
1952 | Einstein declines the offer of becoming president of Israel. |
1955 | Albert Einstein dies on April 18th in Princeton. |